Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
The Enterprise Law passed in June 1999 (effective January 2000) replaced the prior fragmented business registration regime, simplifying private-sector incorporation, eliminating most of the approximately 150 sectoral business licences, and establishing standardised limited-liability and shareholding company forms. The reform is widely credited with triggering rapid private SME formation in the early 2000s and was an inflection point in Doi Moi-era institutional reform.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.