Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
The 2018 Section 232 tariffs, imposed under Presidential Proclamations 9704 and 9705 of 8 March 2018 invoking national-security authority of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, set 25% steel and 10% aluminum tariffs on most foreign-source supplies, alongside ongoing investigations into automotive imports under the same statutory authority. The intended effect was to elevate metals-tariff policy out of the conventional WTO disciplines, restore domestic capacity in industries Trump considered strategically critical, and demonstrate aggressive use of executive trade authority in the first sustained tariff escalation since the 1980s.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.