Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Statutory and effective corporate tax rates, treatment of depreciation, and international competitiveness.
Progressivity of the personal income tax schedule, including top marginal rates, bracket spread, and targeted credits (EITC-equivalents).
Size of cash and near-cash transfer programmes (unemployment benefits, means-tested assistance, universal child benefits). Architecturally distinct from forced-saving schemes — see condition welfare_architecture.
Ease of hiring/firing, collective-bargaining scope, minimum wage rigidity, temporary/permanent contract regulation.
Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
De jure and de facto independence of the central bank from fiscal authority. Per D.1.5 scope, one of the framework's defensible monetary positions.
Direction of monetary-base expansion decisions relative to trend. Separate from fiscal.transfer_expansion even when correlated.
Independence of the judiciary from executive and legislative encroachment. Specifically captures court-packing, selective prosecution, judicial reshuffles.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
| Year | Movement |
|---|---|
| 1988–1992 | Borja Izquierda Democrática — gradualist stabilisation, CONAIE uprising ecuador_borja_id_1988_1992 |
| 1992–1996 | Durán Ballén PUR — Washington Consensus turn, Cenepa war, Brady Plan ecuador_duran_ballen_pur_1992_1996 |
| 1996–1997 | Bucaram PRE — El Loco populism, mental-incapacity removal ecuador_bucaram_pre_1996_1997 |
| 2000 | Ecuador official dollarisation ecuador_dollarisation_2000 |
| 2007–2017 | Correa Citizens' Revolution (Ecuador) ecuador_correa_21st_century_socialism_2007_2017 |
| 2007–2013 | Rafael Correa first term — 21st-century socialism, 2008 constitution, selective default ecuador_correa_alianza_pais_i_2007_2013 |
| 2013–2017 | Rafael Correa second term — Chinese oil-loans, 2016 earthquake, EU FTA ecuador_correa_alianza_pais_ii_2013_2017 |
| 2017–2021 | Moreno post-Correa normalisation (Ecuador) ecuador_moreno_2017_2021 |
| 2021–2023 | Lasso CREO centre-right banker-technocrat (Ecuador) ecuador_lasso_creo_2021_2023 |
| 2023 | Noboa ADN security-first reformist (Ecuador) ecuador_noboa_adn_2023_present |