Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Decree 101/2009/ND-CP and a series of Prime-Ministerial decisions established and expanded 'state economic groups' (tập đoàn kinh tế nhà nước) modelled on Korean chaebol — Vinashin (shipbuilding, est. 2006), Vinalines (shipping, restructured 2007), PetroVietnam, EVN, VNPT, Vinacomin, Vinatex and others — receiving directed bank credit, land, cross-guarantees and implicit sovereign backing. The programme peaked in 2008-09 then unwound: Vinashin disclosed ~US$4.4bn of unpayable debt in 2010, triggering Fitch/Moody's downgrades; the Vinalines fraud case broke 2012 with former chairman Dương Chí Dũng receiving a death sentence (later commuted). State Bank of Vietnam response included the 2013 VAMC asset-management vehicle and a mandated SOE 'restructuring' programme slowing rather than reversing group expansion.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.