Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
Law No. 31/2024/QH15, passed by the National Assembly on 18 January 2024 at the 5th extraordinary session (432 of 477 delegates voting yes) and entering into force 1 August 2024. Retains constitutional 'entire-people ownership' of land but substantially broadens land- use-rights regime: expands eligible non-agricultural land-use scenarios for foreign-invested enterprises, tightens compulsory- acquisition grounds and compensation valuation rules (market-based pricing table replaces administrative tables from 2026), simplifies conversion between land-use categories, and recognises land-use contributions by residential-conversion agreements with private developers. Paired with revised Housing Law and Real Estate Business Law. Central technical-legal prerequisite to unlocking Resolution 68's private-sector ambitions.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.