Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Imihigo are public performance contracts signed annually between the President and district mayors (and cascading down to sectors and households), drawing on a pre-colonial Rwandan tradition of public oath-taking. Formalised in 2006 under the Kagame administration's decentralisation reforms, the system publishes performance scoring for local government delivery against quantified targets.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.