Financial-sector regulation — banking separation, capital requirements, cross-border activity rules, derivatives oversight.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (Pub. L. 106-102), also called the Financial Services Modernization Act, repealed sections 20 and 32 of the 1933 Glass-Steagall Act that had prohibited affiliations between commercial banks, securities firms, and insurance companies. GLBA authorized financial holding companies to combine these activities under unified ownership, codifying the existing Citicorp-Travelers merger structure and accelerating consolidation of U.S. financial services conglomerates.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.