Financial-sector regulation — banking separation, capital requirements, cross-border activity rules, derivatives oversight.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Size of cash and near-cash transfer programmes (unemployment benefits, means-tested assistance, universal child benefits). Architecturally distinct from forced-saving schemes — see condition welfare_architecture.
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
The Banking Act of 1933 (Pub. L. 73-66, "Glass-Steagall") legally separated commercial deposit-taking from investment banking by prohibiting Fed-member banks from affiliating with securities firms, established the FDIC for deposit insurance, expanded the Federal Reserve's authority over speculative bank lending, and imposed Regulation Q ceilings on deposit interest. The structural separation of commercial and investment banking remained the defining feature of U.S. financial architecture until partial repeal by the 1999 Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.