General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Size of cash and near-cash transfer programmes (unemployment benefits, means-tested assistance, universal child benefits). Architecturally distinct from forced-saving schemes — see condition welfare_architecture.
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
Statutory and effective corporate tax rates, treatment of depreciation, and international competitiveness.
In December 2023 the FTC and DOJ Antitrust Division jointly issued new Merger Guidelines superseding the 2010 Horizontal Merger Guidelines and 2020 Vertical Merger Guidelines, tightening market concentration thresholds, increasing scrutiny of vertical and conglomerate combinations, and giving greater weight to labor-market and platform-dynamics theories of harm. Drafted under FTC Chair Lina Khan and Assistant AG Jonathan Kanter, the guidelines marked a structural shift toward more skeptical enforcement.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.