Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
Size of cash and near-cash transfer programmes (unemployment benefits, means-tested assistance, universal child benefits). Architecturally distinct from forced-saving schemes — see condition welfare_architecture.
Comprehensive US health-insurance reform. Key elements: individual mandate (since repealed 2019), guaranteed issue + community rating on individual market, Medicaid expansion (optional for states post- NFIB v. Sebelius 2012), state-level health exchanges with income- linked subsidies, employer mandate for firms >50 FTE, minimum essential benefits, dependent coverage to age 26, closing Medicare Part D doughnut hole. Reduced US uninsured rate from ~16% (2010) to ~9% (2016). Didn't substantially reduce US healthcare cost-as-%-GDP. Refinement D.2.10 cites US-OECD cost-effectiveness gap as persistent despite ACA.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.