General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
The Second Five-Year Plan (1975-80), announced May 1975, programmed ~$142bn of capital spending — a nine-fold increase over the First Plan — financed by the 1973-74 oil-price quadrupling. Priorities were physical infrastructure (roads, ports, power, desalination), industrial cities (Jubail east-coast, Yanbu west-coast), health/education expansion, and defense. Absorption bottlenecks (cement, labour, ports) generated severe inflation in 1976-77. Plan set the template for Saudi state-capitalist capital-spending cycles.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.