Aylwin Concertación — Pinochet transition, Rettig, growth-with-equity

Doctrine — stated goals and content

Post-Pinochet democratic transition that preserved the 1980-constitution macro framework while adding social investment and human-rights accountability. Four doctrinal pillars: (a) Rettig Commission — established April 1990 by Decreto Supremo 355; delivered report February 1991 documenting 2,279 deaths and disappearances under 1973-1990 dictatorship; Aylwin's "perdón de la nación" speech; complemented by reparations Ley 19.123 (1992). (b) Growth with equity "crecimiento con equidad" — 1990 tax reform Ley 18.985 raised corporate rate from 10% to 15% and the top income bracket; VAT 16%→18%; yielded ~2% GDP additional revenue dedicated to education, health, housing. (c) Macroeconomic continuity — independent Banco Central (1989 reform activated); crawling-peg + capital-controls encaje (1991) on short-term inflows; gradual disinflation 27% (1990) → 12% (1994). (d) Labour-law rebalance — Ley 19.049 (1991) restored collective bargaining at firm level (but not sectoral as pre-1973); minimum-wage increases. Stated school: Christian-Democrat / social-democratic synthesis; CEPAL neo-structuralist "productive transformation with equity" (Fajnzylber/Ffrench-Davis). Left-right: centre to centre-left social; centre-right macro; explicitly preservationist of the Chicago-Boys macro framework. Popularity: October 1988 No 55.99% plebiscite ended Pinochet candidacy; December 1989 Aylwin won 55.17% vs Büchi 29.40%; approval remained ~60-70% through the term; December 1993 Concertación's Frei Ruiz-Tagle won 57.98% — largest post-transition vote share. Coherence: trade doctrinal rupture with the Pinochet macro model for institutional stability, plus incremental tax/social spending and human-rights truth-telling — the explicit "grow the pie while rebalancing shares" bet.