Ghana

Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).

• ↑expanded sectoral subsidies
• ↓reduced sectoral subsidies

General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.

• ↑higher spending share
• ↓lower spending share

Progressivity of the personal income tax schedule, including top marginal rates, bracket spread, and targeted credits (EITC-equivalents).

• ↑more progressive (higher top rates, wider spread, larger targeted credits)
• ↓less progressive (flatter rates, compression, smaller credits)

Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.

• ↑more competition-friendly (lower entry barriers)
• ↓more restrictive regulation, higher entry barriers

Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.

• ↑more open trade
• ↓more protectionist

De jure and de facto independence of the central bank from fiscal authority. Per D.1.5 scope, one of the framework's defensible monetary positions.

• ↑greater independence (legal, operational, personnel)
• ↓lower independence (fiscal dominance, politicised appointments)

Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.

• ↑stronger property rights
• ↓weaker property rights