Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Size of cash and near-cash transfer programmes (unemployment benefits, means-tested assistance, universal child benefits). Architecturally distinct from forced-saving schemes — see condition welfare_architecture.
Ease of hiring/firing, collective-bargaining scope, minimum wage rigidity, temporary/permanent contract regulation.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
De jure and de facto independence of the central bank from fiscal authority. Per D.1.5 scope, one of the framework's defensible monetary positions.
Independence of the judiciary from executive and legislative encroachment. Specifically captures court-packing, selective prosecution, judicial reshuffles.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
| Year | Movement |
|---|---|
| 1982 | Bangladesh ready-made garments export strategy bangladesh_garments_export_industrial_policy_1980s_present |
| 2009–2018 | Hasina Awami League second and third terms bangladesh_hasina_al_2_3_term_2009_2018 |
| 2019–2024 | Hasina Awami League fourth term bangladesh_hasina_al_fourth_term_2019_2024 |
| 2024 | Yunus interim government post-July Revolution bangladesh_yunus_interim_2024_present |